Fire Streams (7th Edition)
Chapter 1 - Fire & Water
Test Review

• Materials with a larger surface area will heat faster.
• Chemical flame inhibition will not work on extinguishment of solid fuels.
• Water is practically incompressible.
• Friction loss is greater in smaller hoselines.
• Friction loss varies with the amount of water flowing through a line.
• The 4 categories of heat energy are chemical, mechanical, electrical, and nuclear.
• Fire may be extinguished by reducing temperature, removing fuel, diluting oxygen, and inhibiting chemical chain reaction.
• Disadvantages of water as an extinguishing agent include high surface tension, reactivity with certain chemicals, low viscosity, and electrical conductivity.
• To reduce friction loss, hose size can be increased, flow can be reduced, or additional lines can be added.
• Smoldering fires and free-burning/flaming fires are the most common phases of fire faced by firefighters.
• The 5 phases of fire are Incipient, Free Burning, Smoldering, Backdraft, and Flashover.
• Dense gray-yellow smoke exiting in "puffs" and little or no visible flame suggests backdraft conditions.
• The 3 basic methods of heat transfer are conduction, convection, and radiation.
• Fire by conduction can occur when metal or other conductors contact combustible materials.
• Elevation is position above/below "grade", while altitude is position above/below "sea level".
• Water hammer results from sudden stoppage of water and causes a wave to travel in the opposite direction, usually at many times the original pressure.