Wildland Firefighting (3rd Edition)
Chapter 1 Definitions Test (#4)
21 questions
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1)
System of adjectives used to
describe fire danger to the public. Adjectives range from low to extreme.
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2)
Fuels with no living tissue in
which moisture content is governed almost entirely by atmospheric moisture
(relative humidity and precipitation), drybulb temperature, and solar
radiation.
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3)
Quantity of moisture in fuel
expressed as a percentage of the weight when thoroughly dried at 212oF.
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4)
Point of original ignition of
a fire. Synonymous with Origin.
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5)
Leading edge of a relatively
warm air mass that moves in such a way that warm air displaces colder
air. Associated winds are usually light, mixing is limited and the
atmosphere is relatively stable.
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6)
Depression or pass in a
ridgeline; low area on a ridgeline between two higher points.
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7)
Depth of the fire front;
horizontal distance between leading and trailing edge of fire front.
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8)
Extensive body of air, usually
1,000 miles or more across, having the same properties of temperature and
moisture in a horizontal plane.
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9)
Wildland fire that burns loose
debris of the surface; includes dead branches, fallen leaves, needles, duff,
stubble, grass, and low vegetation. Synonymous with Surface Fire.
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10) Land surface configuration.
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11) Standing dead tree or part of
a dead tree from which at least the leaves and smaller branches have fallen.
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12) Living plants, such as trees,
grasses, and shrubs, in which the seasonal moisture content cycle is
controlled largely by internal physiological mechanisms rather than by
external weather influences.
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13) Wildland fuels that are
easily ignited and that burn rapidly when dry. Some examples are grass,
leaves, pine needles, fern, tree moss, and some kinds of slash.
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14) Rising column of heated air
or gases above a continuing heat or fire source.
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15) Wide strip or block of land
on which the native vegetation has been modified so that fires burning into
them can be more readily extinguished. It may or may not have a fireline
constructed in it prior to fire occurrence.
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16) Relative activity of a fire
in extending its horizontal dimensions. Usually expressed in chains or
acres (hectares) per hour for a specific period in the fire's history.
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17) Fire that rises from ground
level into the tree crowns and advances from treetop to treetop.
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18) Flow of heat from a hot
substance to a cold substance. This flow may be accomplished by convection,
conduction, or radiation.
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19) Fire that consumes the
organic material beneath the ground such as a peat fire or roots burning.
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20)
Belt-mounted case with pockets fitted for anemometer, compass, sling
psychrometer, slide rule, water bottle, pencils, and book of weather report
forms.
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21)
Distance between the flame tip and the midpoint of the flame depth at the base
of the flame (generally the ground surface); an indicator of fire intensity.
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