Wildland Firefighting (3rd Edition)
Chapter 1 Definitions Test (#6)
20 questions

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1) Weather prediction specially prepared for use in wildland fire control.


2) Outside or downhill side of a ditch or trench; a mound or wall of earth.


3) Quantity of fuel per unit area; usually expressed in tons per acre (tons per hectare).


4) Rate of decrease in temperature with increasing height of an air mass.


5) Wildland fire that burns loose debris of the surface; includes dead branches, fallen leaves, needles, duff, stubble, grass, and low vegetation. Synonymous with Ground Fire.


6) Part of a fire within which continuous flaming combustion is taking place; assumed to be the leading edge of the fire perimeter. In surface fires, the fire front may be mainly smoldering combustion.


7) Amount of fuel present expressed quantitatively in terms of weight of fuel per unit area. This may be available fuel (consumable fuel) or total fuel and is usually dry weight.


8) Means by which the relative size of trees is expressed. If a tree trunk measured at breast height is 20 inches (508 mm) or more in diameter, it is considered a large tree, less than that is considered a small tree.


9) Upper-level winds that flow around high- and low-pressure cells and flow clockwise around high-pressure cells and counterclockwise around low-pressure cells.


10) Ultimate growth of a cumulus cloud into an anvil-shaped cloud with considerable vertical development, usually with fibrous ice crystal tops, and usually accompanied by lightning, thunder, hail, and strong winds.


11) Material available to burn in a geographic area that is in the midrange of size such as various brush species; generally excludes short grasses and large trees.


12) In meteorology, the boundary between two air masses of differing densities.


13) Violent convection caused by a large continuous area of intense fire; often characterized by destructively violent surface indrafts, near and beyond the perimeter, and sometimes by tornado-like whirls.


14) Change of an atmospheric variable (temperature unless specified otherwise) with height.


15) Rate of decrease in temperature with height of a mass of dry air lifted adiabatically through an atmosphere in hydrostatic equilibrium.


16) Manipulation of fuel prior to an incident to prevent the occurrence or slow the spread of wildland fire. Synonymous with Fuel Management or Weed Abatement.


17) Storm, including lightning, during which little or no rain reaches the ground.


18) Rate of heat energy released per unit time per unit length of fire front. Numerically, it is the product of the heat of combustion, quantity of fuel consumed in the fire front, and the rate of spread of a fire in Btu per second per foot (kilojoules per second per meter) of fire front. Synonymous with Intensity.


19) Standing and supported live and dead combustibles not in direct contact with the ground and consisting mainly of foliage, twigs, branches, stems, cones, bark, and vines.


20) Any or all forms of water particles, liquid or solid, that fall from the atmosphere.


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