Wildland Firefighting (3rd Edition)
Chapter 1 Definitions Test (#6)
20 questions
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1)
Weather prediction
specially prepared for use in wildland fire control.
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2)
Outside or downhill side of
a ditch or trench; a mound or wall of earth.
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3)
Quantity of fuel per unit
area; usually expressed in tons per acre (tons per hectare).
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4)
Rate of decrease in
temperature with increasing height of an air mass.
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5)
Wildland fire that burns
loose debris of the surface; includes dead branches, fallen leaves, needles,
duff, stubble, grass, and low vegetation. Synonymous with Ground Fire.
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6)
Part of a fire within which
continuous flaming combustion is taking place; assumed to be the leading edge
of the fire perimeter. In surface fires, the fire front may be mainly
smoldering combustion.
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7)
Amount of fuel present
expressed quantitatively in terms of weight of fuel per unit area. This may be
available fuel (consumable fuel) or total fuel and is usually dry weight.
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8)
Means by which the relative
size of trees is expressed. If a tree trunk measured at breast height is 20
inches (508 mm) or more in diameter, it is considered a large tree, less than
that is considered a small tree.
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9)
Upper-level winds that flow
around high- and low-pressure cells and flow clockwise around high-pressure
cells and counterclockwise around low-pressure cells.
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10) Ultimate growth of a
cumulus cloud into an anvil-shaped cloud with considerable vertical
development, usually with fibrous ice crystal tops, and usually accompanied by
lightning, thunder, hail, and strong winds.
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11) Material available to burn
in a geographic area that is in the midrange of size such as various brush
species; generally excludes short grasses and large trees.
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12) In meteorology, the
boundary between two air masses of differing densities.
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13) Violent convection caused
by a large continuous area of intense fire; often characterized by
destructively violent surface indrafts, near and beyond the perimeter, and
sometimes by tornado-like whirls.
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14) Change of an atmospheric
variable (temperature unless specified otherwise) with height.
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15) Rate of decrease in
temperature with height of a mass of dry air lifted adiabatically through an
atmosphere in hydrostatic equilibrium.
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16) Manipulation of fuel prior
to an incident to prevent the occurrence or slow the spread of wildland fire.
Synonymous with Fuel Management or Weed Abatement.
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17) Storm, including lightning,
during which little or no rain reaches the ground.
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18) Rate of heat energy
released per unit time per unit length of fire front. Numerically, it is the
product of the heat of combustion, quantity of fuel consumed in the fire
front, and the rate of spread of a fire in Btu per second per foot (kilojoules
per second per meter) of fire front. Synonymous with Intensity.
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19) Standing and supported live
and dead combustibles not in direct contact with the ground and consisting
mainly of foliage, twigs, branches, stems, cones, bark, and vines.
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20)
Any or all forms of water particles, liquid or solid, that fall from the
atmosphere.
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